I-membrane yeseli ye-myocardial iyi-membrane ekwazi ukungena kancane.Lapho uphumula, inani elithile lama-cations ashajwe kahle ahlelwa ngaphandle kolwelwesi.Inombolo efanayo yama-anion ane-negative charges ihlelwa kulwelwesi, futhi amandla e-extra-membrane aphezulu kunolwelwesi, olubizwa ngokuthi isimo se-polarization.Ekuphumuleni, ama-cardiomyocyte engxenyeni ngayinye yenhliziyo asesimweni se-polarized, futhi awukho umehluko ongase ube khona.Ijika elingaba khona elilandelelwa irekhoda lamanje liqondile, okuwumugqa we-equipotential we-surface electrocardiogram.Lapho i-cardiomyocyte ikhuthazwa ukuqina okuthile, ukufinyeleleka kwe-membrane yeseli kuyashintsha futhi inani elikhulu lama-cations lingena kulwelwesi ngesikhathi esifushane, ukuze amandla angaphakathi kolwelwesi aguquke ukusuka kokubi kuya kokubi.Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-depolarization.Ngenhliziyo yonke, uguquko olungaba khona lwe-cardiomyocyte ukusuka ku-endocardial kuya kwe-epicardial sequence depolarization, ijika elingaba khona elilandelwa yirekhoda yamanje libizwa ngokuthi i-depolarization wave, okungukuthi, i-P wave kanye ne-ventricle ye-atrium phezu kwegagasi le-QRS le-electrocardiogram.Ngemuva kokuthi iseli likhishwe ngokuphelele, ulwelwesi lweseli lukhipha inani elikhulu lama-cations, okubangela ukuthi amandla kulwelwesi ashintshe ukusuka kokuhle aye kokubi futhi abuyele esimweni sokuqala sokwahlukanisa.Le nqubo yenziwa yi-epicardium kuya endocardium, ebizwa ngokuthi i-repolarization.Ngokufanayo, uguquko olungaba khona ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa kabusha kwe-cardiomyocyte luchazwa irekhoda yamanje njengegagasi le-polar.Njengoba inqubo ye-repolarization ihamba kancane, i-repolarization wave iphansi kune-depolarization wave.I-electrocardiogram ye-atrium iphansi kumagagasi we-atrial futhi ingcwatshwe ku-ventricle.I-polar wave ye-ventricle ibonakala njengegagasi le-T ku-electrocardiogram engaphezulu.Ngemuva kokuthi wonke ama-cardiomyocyte aphinde afakwe kabusha, isimo se-polarization sabuyiselwa futhi.Kwakungekho umehluko ongaba khona phakathi kwamangqamuzana e-myocardial engxenyeni ngayinye, futhi i-electrocardiogram engaphezulu yaqoshwa kulayini we-equipotential.
Inhliziyo iyisakhiwo esinezinhlangothi ezintathu.Ukuze kuboniswe umsebenzi kagesi wezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zenhliziyo, ama-electrode afakwa ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba ukuze aqophe futhi abonise umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo.Ku-electrocardiography evamile, ama-electrode aholayo angama-4 kuphela kanye nama-electrode aholayo we-thoracic angu-V1 kuya ku-V66 ngokuvamile afakwa, futhi i-electrocardiogram evamile eyi-12-lead iyarekhodwa.Ukuhola okuhlukile kwakhiwa phakathi kwama-electrode amabili noma phakathi kwe-electrode kanye nesiphetho esinamandla amaphakathi futhi kuxhunywe ezigxotsheni ezinhle nezingezinhle ze-electrocardiograph galvanometer ngocingo oluholayo ukuze kuqoshwe umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo.Umthofu we-bipolar wakheka phakathi kwama-electrode amabili, umthofu owodwa ube isigxobo esiqondile futhi umthofu owodwa ube isigxobo esinegethivu.Ukuhola kwezitho ze-Bipolar kuhlanganisa I lead, II lead kanye ne-III lead;umthofu we-monopolar wakha phakathi kwe-electrode kanye nesiphetho esingaba khona esimaphakathi, lapho i-electrode ebonayo iyisigxobo esiqondile futhi isiphetho esingaba khona esimaphakathi isigxobo esinegethivu.Isiphetho sikagesi esimaphakathi sithi Umehluko ongaba khona orekhodwe ku-electrode eyinegethivu mncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke i-electrode eyinegethivu isho isamba samandla omthofu wezinye izitho ezimbili ngaphandle kwe-electrode ye-probe.
I-electrocardiogram irekhoda ijika le-voltage ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.I-electrocardiogram irekhodwa ephepheni lokuxhumanisa, futhi iphepha lokuxhumanisa lakhiwe ngamaseli amancane angama-1 mm ububanzi no-1 mm ukuphakama.I-abscissa imele isikhathi kanti i-ordinate imele i-voltage.Imvamisa irekhodwa ngesivinini sephepha esingu-25mm/s, igridi engu-1 encane = 1mm = imizuzwana engu-0.04.I-voltage ehlanganisiwe ingu-1 igridi encane = 1 mm = 0.1 mv.Izindlela zokulinganisa ze-eksisi ye-electrocardiogram ikakhulukazi zifaka indlela yokubuka, indlela yokwenza imephu, kanye nendlela yokubheka ithebula.Inhliziyo ikhiqiza ama- vector amaningi ahlukene e-galvanic in the process of depolarization and repolarization.Ama-galvanic couple vectors ezinhlangothini ezahlukene ahlanganiswa abe yi-vector ukuze akhe i-ECG ehlanganisiwe ye-vector yenhliziyo yonke.Iveni yenhliziyo iyivektha enezinhlangothi ezintathu enezindiza ezingaphambili, ezisagittal, nezivundlile.Okuvame ukusetshenziswa emtholampilo isiqondiso se-vector ingxenye evezwa endizeni engaphambili ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwe-ventricular depolarization.Usizo lokunquma ukuthi umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo ujwayelekile yini.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-24-2021